tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57615147680453916042024-03-05T19:00:23.335-08:00Aprendamos IngenieríaUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5761514768045391604.post-52310374477902237422017-03-21T14:05:00.001-07:002017-03-21T14:05:55.646-07:00Respuesta escalon<h1 class="entry-title" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; clear: both; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, "Nimbus Sans L", sans-serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.3em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
La función escalón unitario</h1>
<div class="entry-content" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; clear: both; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 12px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Para mi es muy importante su calificación de cada uno de los artículos que lee, ya sea buena, regular o mala, pues estoy dispuesto a hacer lo necesario para que tengas el mejor contenido posible con la más clara explicación que puedo imaginar. De su calificación arriba en <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rate this (estrellas)</strong>, su click en <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">me gusta, </strong>sus <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">comentarios</strong> en <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rebloguear</strong> y en <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">compartir</strong> abajo ayudará a que miles de personas más tengan acceso a este blog. Muchas gracias.</div>
<h1 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">La función escalón unitario</span></h1>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot159" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5722" data-attachment-id="5722" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot159" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=640&h=147?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=640&h=147?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=640&h=147" data-orig-size="1000,230" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot159-3/" height="147" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=640&h=147" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=640&h=147 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=150&h=35 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=300&h=69 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg?w=768&h=177 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1592.jpg 1000w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot160" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5723" data-attachment-id="5723" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot160" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=640&h=165?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=640&h=165?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=640&h=165" data-orig-size="1002,259" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot160-3/" height="165" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=640&h=165" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=640&h=165 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=150&h=39 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=300&h=78 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg?w=768&h=199 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1602.jpg 1002w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Observaciones:</div>
<ul style="background: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: square; margin: 0px 0px 24px 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">t-t0 recibe el nombre de <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ARGUMENTO</em></strong>,</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">to se llama <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DISCONTINUIDAD</em></strong>.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Normalmente t0= 0.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cuando t0 es diferente de cero, se dice que la función está <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DESFASADA</strong>, o que el argumento está desfasado.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">En circuitos se lleva a cabo una <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">CONMUTACIÓN</em></strong> en t=0 o en t=t0.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">La funcion escalón unitario es solo un modelo matemático de una operación real de conmutación.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Aunque la subida o bajada no es estrictamente parte de la definición del escalón unitario, generalmente se incluye en todas las gráficas.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">u(t) es <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ADIMENSIONAL</em></strong>. Si queremos que u(t) represente un voltaje o una corriente es necesario multiplicar a u(t) por algún voltaje o corriente, así:<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot897" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2999" data-attachment-id="2999" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot897" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg?w=640?w=211" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg?w=640?w=211" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg?w=640" data-orig-size="211,117" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot897/" sizes="(max-width: 211px) 100vw, 211px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg?w=640" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg 211w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot897.jpg?w=150 150w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></a></li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">La funcion escalón unitario no tiene que ser necesariamente una función del tiempo.</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Funciones singulares</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Son funciones que son discontinuas o que tienen derivadas discontinuas.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
La función escalón unitario y la <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">función impulso unitario </em></strong> son funciones discontinuas y pueden ser una función de la frecuencia, como se verá mucho más adelante en este curso.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Posibilidades de la función escalón unitario</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Los números identificadores a la izquierda de las siguientes funciones indican el cuadrante donde alcanzan el valor 0, 1 ó -1. Los dos primeros números están a la izquierda del eje vertical.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Un cambio instantáneo en otro momento que no sea t=0 puede representarse por medio de una función escalón que tiene:</div>
<ul style="background: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: square; margin: 0px 0px 24px 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Un argumento desfasado</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Una inversión de signo</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ambas cosas: un argumento desfasado y un cambio de signo</li>
</ul>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot849" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2949" data-attachment-id="2949" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot849" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=640&h=114?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=640&h=114?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=640&h=114" data-orig-size="910,163" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot849/" height="114" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=640&h=114" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=636&h=114 636w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg?w=768&h=138 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot849.jpg 910w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot850" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2950" data-attachment-id="2950" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot850" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=640&h=115" data-orig-size="915,165" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot850/" height="115" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=640&h=115" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=640&h=115 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg?w=768&h=138 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot850.jpg 915w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot851" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2951" data-attachment-id="2951" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot851" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=640&h=115" data-orig-size="906,164" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot851/" height="115" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=640&h=115" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=635&h=115 635w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg?w=768&h=139 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot851.jpg 906w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot852" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2952" data-attachment-id="2952" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot852" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=640&h=115" data-orig-size="906,164" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot852/" height="115" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=640&h=115" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=635&h=115 635w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg?w=768&h=139 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot852.jpg 906w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot853" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2953" data-attachment-id="2953" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot853" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=640&h=116?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=640&h=116?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=640&h=116" data-orig-size="909,165" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot853/" height="116" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=640&h=116" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=640&h=116 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg?w=768&h=139 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot853.jpg 909w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot854" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2954" data-attachment-id="2954" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot854" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=640&h=115" data-orig-size="907,164" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot854/" height="115" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=640&h=115" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=636&h=115 636w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg?w=768&h=139 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot854.jpg 907w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot855" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2955" data-attachment-id="2955" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot855" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=640&h=117" data-orig-size="907,166" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot855/" height="117" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=640&h=117" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=640&h=117 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg?w=768&h=141 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot855.jpg 907w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot856" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2956" data-attachment-id="2956" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot856" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=640&h=119?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=640&h=119?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=640&h=119" data-orig-size="910,170" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot856/" height="119" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=640&h=119" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=637&h=119 637w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=300&h=56 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg?w=768&h=143 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot856.jpg 910w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot857" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2957" data-attachment-id="2957" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot857" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=640&h=113?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=640&h=113?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=640&h=113" data-orig-size="910,162" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot857/" height="113" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=640&h=113" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=635&h=113 635w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=300&h=53 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg?w=768&h=137 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot857.jpg 910w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot858" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2958" data-attachment-id="2958" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot858" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=640&h=119?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=640&h=119?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=640&h=119" data-orig-size="915,171" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot858/" height="119" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=640&h=119" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=637&h=119 637w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=300&h=56 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg?w=768&h=144 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot858.jpg 915w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot859" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2959" data-attachment-id="2959" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot859" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=640&h=118?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=640&h=118?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=640&h=118" data-orig-size="910,168" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot859/" height="118" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=640&h=118" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=640&h=118 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg?w=768&h=142 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot859.jpg 910w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot860" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2960" data-attachment-id="2960" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot860" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=640&h=115?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=640&h=115" data-orig-size="918,166" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot860/" height="115" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=640&h=115" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=636&h=115 636w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=300&h=54 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg?w=768&h=139 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot860.jpg 918w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot861" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2961" data-attachment-id="2961" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot861" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=640&h=117" data-orig-size="910,167" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot861/" height="117" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=640&h=117" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=640&h=117 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg?w=768&h=141 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot861.jpg 910w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot862" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2963" data-attachment-id="2963" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot862" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=640&h=117" data-orig-size="911,167" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot862/" height="117" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=640&h=117" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=640&h=117 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg?w=768&h=141 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot862.jpg 911w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot863" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2964" data-attachment-id="2964" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot863" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=640&h=117" data-orig-size="907,166" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot863/" height="117" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=640&h=117" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=640&h=117 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg?w=768&h=141 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot863.jpg 907w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot864" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2965" data-attachment-id="2965" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot864" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=640&h=117?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=640&h=117" data-orig-size="920,169" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot864/" height="117" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=640&h=117" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=637&h=117 637w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=300&h=55 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg?w=768&h=141 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot864.jpg 920w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sumas de funciones escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot865" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2966" data-attachment-id="2966" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot865" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=640&h=144?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=640&h=144?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=640&h=144" data-orig-size="902,204" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot865/" height="144" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=640&h=144" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=637&h=144 637w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=150&h=34 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=300&h=68 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg?w=768&h=174 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot865.jpg 902w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot866" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2967" data-attachment-id="2967" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot866" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=640&h=144?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=640&h=144?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=640&h=144" data-orig-size="915,207" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot866/" height="144" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=640&h=144" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=637&h=144 637w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=150&h=34 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=300&h=68 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg?w=768&h=174 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot866.jpg 915w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot867" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2968" data-attachment-id="2968" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot867" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=640&h=145?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=640&h=145?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=640&h=145" data-orig-size="911,207" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot867/" height="145" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=640&h=145" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=640&h=145 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=150&h=34 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=300&h=68 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg?w=768&h=175 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot867.jpg 911w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot868" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2969" data-attachment-id="2969" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot868" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=640&h=114?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=640&h=114?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=640&h=114" data-orig-size="915,163" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot868/" height="114" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=640&h=114" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=640&h=114 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=150&h=27 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=300&h=53 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg?w=768&h=137 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot868.jpg 915w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot869" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2970" data-attachment-id="2970" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot869" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=640&h=120?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=640&h=120?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=640&h=120" data-orig-size="927,174" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot869/" height="120" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=640&h=120" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=640&h=120 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=300&h=56 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg?w=768&h=144 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot869.jpg 927w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Funciones equivalentes</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Son aquellas cuyas características de voltaje-corriente son idénticas.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Analizaremos qué fuentes físicas son equivalentes a las fuentes de voltaje y corriente escalón.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuente ideal de voltaje escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot151" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5713" data-attachment-id="5713" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot151" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=640&h=297?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=640&h=297?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=640&h=297" data-orig-size="1003,465" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot151-5/" height="297" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=640&h=297" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=640&h=297 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=150&h=70 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=300&h=139 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg?w=768&h=356 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1512.jpg 1003w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuente real de voltaje escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
El <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">EQUIVALENTE FÍSICO </em></strong> aproximado de una función de excitación escalón es un interruptor o suiche en serie con una batería.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
La función de excitación o fuente vale cero hasta que se cierra el suiche, y después es igual al voltaje Vs de la batería. La fuente tiene una discontinuidad en el instante en que se cierra el interruptor en t=t0.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot898" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3000" data-attachment-id="3000" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot898" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=640&h=127?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=640&h=127?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=640&h=127" data-orig-size="897,178" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot898/" height="127" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=640&h=127" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=640&h=127 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=150&h=30 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=300&h=60 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg?w=768&h=152 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot898.jpg 897w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
La aplicación <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SÚBITA</em></strong> de una fuente es su aplicación en el tiempo cero o en t0.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Equivalente 1</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot155" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5717" data-attachment-id="5717" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot155" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=640&h=257?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=640&h=257?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=640&h=257" data-orig-size="1001,402" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot155-5/" height="257" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=640&h=257" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=640&h=257 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=150&h=60 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=300&h=120 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg?w=768&h=308 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1552.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">No es equivalente para t<t0</em></strong> porque el <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">voltaje v (t)</strong> entre a y b, que es el mismo entre la batería y el interruptor, <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">no está definido</strong>. La fuente equivalente es un circuito abierto en la que el voltaje de la fuente Vs puede ser cualquiera y no necesariamente cero en t<t0.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Además, antes del cierre v (t) tiene un valor determinado por los elementos activos de la red general. Aún si la red general es pasiva existen cargas estáticas que pueden resultar en un valor diferente de cero para v (t).</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Este modelo solo es equivalente para t>t0 si las <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">corrientes</strong> que fluyen de las dos redes son idénticas en t=t0.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Ningún arreglo de funciones de excitación escalón de voltaje pueden dar el equivalente exacto si no se conoce el voltaje en t<t0.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Equivalente 2</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot156" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5718" data-attachment-id="5718" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot156" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=640&h=253?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=640&h=253?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=640&h=253" data-orig-size="1002,396" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot156-5/" height="253" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=640&h=253" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=640&h=253 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=150&h=59 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=300&h=119 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg?w=768&h=304 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1562.jpg 1002w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Este equivalente asegura que v(t) es cero en t<t0 y es Vs para t>t0.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Pero <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">no es equivalente en t=to</em></strong> ya que la fuente Vs está momentáneamente en corto, es decir, Vs =0. En el modelo real la fuente Vs debería poder soportar la corriente de cortocircuito.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuente ideal de corriente escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot152" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5714" data-attachment-id="5714" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot152" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=640&h=269?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=640&h=269?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=640&h=269" data-orig-size="1003,422" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot152-5/" height="269" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=640&h=269" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=640&h=269 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=150&h=63 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=300&h=126 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg?w=768&h=323 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1522.jpg 1003w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuente real de corriente escalón</span></h2>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Equivalente</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot158" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5720" data-attachment-id="5720" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot158" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=640&h=236?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=640&h=236?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=640&h=236" data-orig-size="1000,368" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot158-3/" height="236" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=640&h=236" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=640&h=236 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=150&h=55 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=300&h=110 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg?w=768&h=283 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1582.jpg 1000w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">No es equivalente en t<to</em></strong> (antes de pulsar el suiche) ya que la fuente está momentáneamente en corto. En el modelo real la fuente debería poder soportar la corriente de cortocircuito.</div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Función resistencia escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Un interruptor es una resistencia que cambia instantáneamente de infinito a cero ohmios y viceversa. Sin embargo, no puede llevarse a cabo una operación de conmutación en un tiempo cero. Es decir, un interruptor es una resistencia dependiente del tiempo, y recibe el nombre de función escalón resistencia.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot133" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5691" data-attachment-id="5691" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot133" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=640&h=285?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=640&h=285?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=640&h=285" data-orig-size="1003,447" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot133-7/" height="285" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=640&h=285" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=640&h=285 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=150&h=67 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=300&h=134 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg?w=768&h=342 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1331.jpg 1003w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot134" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5692" data-attachment-id="5692" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot134" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=640&h=291?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=640&h=291?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=640&h=291" data-orig-size="1000,454" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot134-6/" height="291" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=640&h=291" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=640&h=291 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=150&h=68 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=300&h=136 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg?w=768&h=349 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1342.jpg 1000w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
En muchos circuitos los tiempos de conmutación son menores a 1 nanosegundo, que es mucho menor que las constantes de tiempo del circuito. Hablaremos de constantes de tiempo más adelante, cuando veamos circuitos RL y RC.</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Una conmutación presenta problemas como:</div>
<ul style="background: transparent; border: 0px; list-style: square; margin: 0px 0px 24px 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Arqueo</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Resistencia</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebote de contactos</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Capacitancia de contactos.</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pulso rectangular de voltaje</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot135" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5694" data-attachment-id="5694" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot135" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=640&h=242?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=640&h=242?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=640&h=242" data-orig-size="1001,379" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot135-7/" height="242" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=640&h=242" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=640&h=242 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=150&h=57 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=300&h=114 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg?w=768&h=291 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1352.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fuente pulso senoidal</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot136" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5695" data-attachment-id="5695" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot136" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=640&h=181?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=640&h=181?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=640&h=181" data-orig-size="1001,283" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot136-6/" height="181" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=640&h=181" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=640&h=181 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=150&h=42 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=300&h=85 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg?w=768&h=217 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1361.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 1 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Evalúe la siguiente función en t= 1,5 segundos</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot923" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3007" data-attachment-id="3007" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot923" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=640?w=396" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=640?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=640" data-orig-size="396,52" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot923/" sizes="(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=640" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg 396w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=150 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot923.jpg?w=300 300w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Solución</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot138" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5697" data-attachment-id="5697" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot138" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=640&h=152?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=640&h=152?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=640&h=152" data-orig-size="998,237" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot138-8/" height="152" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=640&h=152" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=640&h=152 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=150&h=36 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=300&h=71 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg?w=768&h=182 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1382.jpg 998w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 2 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Evalúe la siguiente función en t= 1,5 segundos</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot928" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3012" data-attachment-id="3012" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot928" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=640?w=356" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=640?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=640" data-orig-size="356,49" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot928/" sizes="(max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=640" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg 356w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=150 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot928.jpg?w=300 300w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Solución</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot139" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5698" data-attachment-id="5698" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot139" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=640&h=150?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=640&h=150?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=640&h=150" data-orig-size="1001,235" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot139-7/" height="150" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=640&h=150" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=640&h=150 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=150&h=35 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=300&h=70 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg?w=768&h=180 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1392.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 3 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Evalúe la siguiente función en t= 1,5 segundos</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot932" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3016" data-attachment-id="3016" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="ScreenShot932" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=640?w=329" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=640?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=640" data-orig-size="329,52" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/screenshot932/" sizes="(max-width: 329px) 100vw, 329px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=640" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg 329w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=150 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/screenshot932.jpg?w=300 300w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Solución</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot140" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5699" data-attachment-id="5699" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot140" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=640&h=153?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=640&h=153?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=640&h=153" data-orig-size="1001,239" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot140-7/" height="153" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=640&h=153" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=640&h=153 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=150&h=36 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=300&h=72 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg?w=768&h=183 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1403.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 4 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Calcular V3 en t=1 segundo</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot141" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5700" data-attachment-id="5700" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot141" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=640&h=186?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=640&h=186?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=640&h=186" data-orig-size="1000,291" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot141-6/" height="186" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=640&h=186" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=640&h=186 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=150&h=44 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=300&h=87 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg?w=768&h=223 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1412.jpg 1000w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot142" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5701" data-attachment-id="5701" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot142" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=640&h=185?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=640&h=185?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=640&h=185" data-orig-size="1001,290" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot142-6/" height="185" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=640&h=185" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=640&h=185 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=150&h=43 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=300&h=87 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg?w=768&h=222 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1422.jpg 1001w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot143" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5702" data-attachment-id="5702" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot143" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=640&h=121?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=640&h=121?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=640&h=121" data-orig-size="1002,189" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot143-7/" height="121" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=640&h=121" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=640&h=121 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=150&h=28 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=300&h=57 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg?w=768&h=145 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1432.jpg 1002w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 5 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Calcular V3 en t=3 segundos</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot144" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5703" data-attachment-id="5703" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot144" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=640&h=161?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=640&h=161?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=640&h=161" data-orig-size="1000,252" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot144-7/" height="161" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=640&h=161" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=640&h=161 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=150&h=38 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=300&h=76 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg?w=768&h=194 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1442.jpg 1000w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot145" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5705" data-attachment-id="5705" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot145" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=640&h=163?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=640&h=163?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=640&h=163" data-orig-size="1003,255" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot145-7/" height="163" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=640&h=163" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=640&h=163 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=150&h=38 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=300&h=76 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg?w=768&h=195 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1452.jpg 1003w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot146" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5706" data-attachment-id="5706" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot146" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=640&h=234?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=640&h=234?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=640&h=234" data-orig-size="1003,367" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot146-7/" height="234" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=640&h=234" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=640&h=234 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=150&h=55 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=300&h=110 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg?w=768&h=281 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1462.jpg 1003w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<h2 style="background: transparent; border: 0px; clear: both; color: black; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: blue; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ejemplo 6 Funciones Escalón</span></h2>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Calcular V3 en t=5 segundos</div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot147" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5707" data-attachment-id="5707" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot147" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=640&h=176?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=640&h=176?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=640&h=176" data-orig-size="998,274" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot147-5/" height="176" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=640&h=176" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=640&h=176 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=150&h=41 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=300&h=82 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg?w=768&h=211 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1472.jpg 998w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot148" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5708" data-attachment-id="5708" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot148" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=640&h=169?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=640&h=169?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=640&h=169" data-orig-size="997,263" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot148-6/" height="169" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=640&h=169" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=640&h=169 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=150&h=40 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=300&h=79 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg?w=768&h=203 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1482.jpg 997w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<a href="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; color: #743399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ScreenShot150" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-5711" data-attachment-id="5711" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ScreenShot150" data-large-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=640&h=215?w=640" data-medium-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=640&h=215?w=300" data-orig-file="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=640&h=215" data-orig-size="998,336" data-permalink="https://analisisdecircuitos1.wordpress.com/parte-2-circuitos-en-estado-transitorio/capitulo-38-la-funcion-escalon-unitario/screenshot150-4/" height="215" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=640&h=215" srcset="https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=640&h=215 640w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=150&h=51 150w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=300&h=101 300w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg?w=768&h=259 768w, https://analisisdecircuitos1.files.wordpress.com/2014/08/screenshot1501.jpg 998w" style="background: transparent; border: none; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 12px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="640" /></a></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5761514768045391604.post-38018947071824017882017-03-21T13:32:00.001-07:002017-03-21T13:35:18.907-07:00<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">En el campo profesional adecuada </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">diseño de iluminación</strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> es muy importante porque una disposición de iluminación bajo disminuirá la eficiencia de la tarea para la cual fueron diseñados los equipos de luces y un arreglo de la iluminación sobre resultará en respecto de los gastos de la empresa. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">En pequeña escala de esta diferencia no es demasiado como para preocuparse, pero en grandes edificios, plantas, fábricas, etc se hace muy significativa en la actualidad </span></span><a href="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/2013/09/electrical-wiring.html" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: blue; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;" target="_blank">instalaciones de cableado eléctrico</a><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> .</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El enfoque simple y básica para </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">el cálculo de la iluminación</strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> requisito consiste en dividir el requerimiento total de luz de la habitación por la salida de luz (lumen) proporcionado por una sola lámpara. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Aunque este es el enfoque básico para una habitación medio de la casa, pero no es prácticamente exacta.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">En la práctica hay varios otros parámetros que son necesarios para tener en cuenta en el cálculo porque nadas Ideal. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Por ejemplo las luminarias lumen de salida no serán los mismos en toda la duración de la vida, la deposición de polvo en las lámparas también reducirá su producción con el tiempo lo que significa que la limpieza es también un parámetro importante. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Un cuarto pintado brillante refleja más luz que una habitación de color oscuro por lo que ambos tienen diferentes requisitos de iluminación.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Por lo tanto, es importante entender primero algunos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">términos básicos acerca de la iluminación de diseño</em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> antes de comenzar los cálculos.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Habitación Index-</span></u></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> Se basa en la forma y tamaño de la habitación. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">En él se describen las relaciones de la longitud de la habitación, anchura y altura. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Por lo general es entre 0,75 a 5.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Diseno de iluminacion" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4683 tie-appear" height="46" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Calculation1.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="271" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Donde " </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">L</span></span></em><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> "</span></span></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> es la longitud de la habitación,</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">"W"</em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> es la anchura de la habitación y,</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">h </span></span><sub style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">wc</span></span></sub></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> es la altura entre el plano de trabajo es decir Banca al techo</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Esta fórmula para el Índice de habitación sólo es aplicable cuando la longitud habitación es inferior a 4 veces el ancho.</span></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span id="maintenance_factor" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Factor de mantenimiento</span></span></u></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> :</span></span></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Es la relación de la salida de lúmenes de la lámpara después de un intervalo de tiempo determinado en comparación con cuando era nuevo. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La salida de luz de un punto de luz disminuye con el tiempo debido al envejecimiento de muchos de sus componentes por interno (saturación de elementos) o factores externos (deposición de polvo). </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Por ejemplo el factor de mantenimiento de aparatos eléctricos utilizados en una zona libre de polvo frío va a ser mejor que el accesorio de iluminación utilizado en la zona caliente y polvoriento.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Factor de mantenimiento" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4684 tie-appear" height="52" sizes="(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Calculation-2.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Calculation-2.png 355w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Calculation-2-300x44.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="355" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Está a menos de o igual a 1.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Los valores típicos utilizados para el cálculo de iluminación son:</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.8 - Para oficinas / aula</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.7 - Para Industria limpia</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.6 - Para Industr sucia</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Leer más: </span><a href="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/2015/03/light-emitting-elements-and-their-types.html" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: blue; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;" target="_blank">elementos emisores de luz y sus tipos</a></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span id="room_reflections" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Reflexiones de las habitaciones</span></span></span></u></strong></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La sala se considera que se trata de tres superficies principales:</span></div>
<ol style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: upper-roman; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: decimal outside; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El techo</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: decimal outside; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Los muros</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: decimal outside; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El piso</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Los de eficaces de reflectancia de estos 3 superficies afectan a la cantidad de luz reflejada recibida por el plano de trabajo. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Los colores claros como el blanco, amarillo tendrán más de reflectancia en comparación con los colores oscuros como el azul, marrón.</span></span></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span id="utilization_factor" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">factor de utilización</span></u></strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Factor de utilización (UF) es la relación de flujo luminoso eficaz para el flujo luminoso total de fuentes de luz. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Es la medida de la eficacia del sistema de iluminación.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Depende</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La eficiencia de la luminaria</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La distribución de luminarias</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La geometría del espacio</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">de reflectancia de las habitaciones</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">curva polar</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Leer más: </span><a href="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/2016/12/energy-efficient-lighting-techniques-to-implement-it.html" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: blue; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;" target="_blank">¿Qué es la iluminación de bajo consumo y técnicas para implementarlo</a></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span id="space_to_height_ratio" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El espacio y la altura</span></u></strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Es la relación de la distancia entre luminarias adyacentes (centro a centro) a su altura por encima del plano de trabajo.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="El espacio y la altura" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4685 tie-appear" height="47" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Space-to-Height-ratio.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="143" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Dónde,</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">H </span><sub style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">m</span></span></sub><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> = altura de montaje</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">A = área Util</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">N = Número de luminarias</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">No debe exceder máximo SHR de la luminaria como proporcionado por el fabricante.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Nota:</span></u></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> Una sala de estar normal requiere 20 lm / ft</span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> es decir, 215 lm / m</span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 2</span></span></sup></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para el estudio de la habitación es decir, Aula 300 lm / m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> se requiere.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">(Tenga en cuenta que para diferentes condiciones ambientales y existen diferentes normas. Por ejemplo, empresas como muchos MNC deben mantener 600 lm / m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> en la Oficina de las personas que trabajan en turnos de noche)</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ahora vamos a empezar con los pasos. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Considere la siguiente distribución de un piso particular de la Escuela y analizar las necesidades de iluminación de diferentes secciones de la planta.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para facilitar el cálculo de todos los accesorios de iluminación y sus calificaciones son tomadas en cuenta de que Phillips. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Puede comprobar los distintos dispositivos y sus </span></span>especificaciones aquí proporcionados por Philips<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> .</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Haga clic en la imagen para agrandar</span><img alt="Cómo hacer diseño de la iluminación de cálculo en un edificio - Cableado eléctrico de instalación " class="aligncenter wp-image-4708 tie-appear" height="306" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-do-Lighting-Design-Calculation-in-a-Building-Electrical-Wiring-Installation-.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-do-Lighting-Design-Calculation-in-a-Building-Electrical-Wiring-Installation-.png 908w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-do-Lighting-Design-Calculation-in-a-Building-Electrical-Wiring-Installation--300x204.png 300w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-do-Lighting-Design-Calculation-in-a-Building-Electrical-Wiring-Installation--768x522.png 768w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/How-to-do-Lighting-Design-Calculation-in-a-Building-Electrical-Wiring-Installation--110x75.png 110w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="450" /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_classroom" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación de cálculo para el aula</strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El área transversal de clase = 6 x 9 = 54 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requerida = 54 x 300 = 16200 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="área de la sección transversal de los lúmenes de clases requeridas" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4686 tie-appear" height="46" sizes="(max-width: 388px) 100vw, 388px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Cross-section-area-of-classroom-lumens-required.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Cross-section-area-of-classroom-lumens-required.png 388w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Cross-section-area-of-classroom-lumens-required-300x36.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="388" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La siguiente tabla es una tabla de referencia para calcular el factor de utilización de accesorios de iluminación. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Se diferencia de un modelo a otro y hacer que hacer. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Por tan sólo la comprensión del concepto que estamos usando una única tabla de referencia para todos los accesorios de iluminación. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La tabla real es proporcionada por el fabricante y puede ser poco diferente de la de abajo.</span></span></div>
<table style="background-color: white; border-spacing: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px; width: 620px;"><tbody style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td colspan="3" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; text-align: center; width: 153px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">La reflectancia de habitaciones</strong></td><td colspan="9" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 471px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de habitación</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">do</strong></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">W</strong></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">F</strong></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.75</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">1</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">1.25</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">1.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">3.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">4.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">5.00</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.70</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.20</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.43</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.49</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.55</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.60</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.66</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0,71</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.75</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.80</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.83</span></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.35</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.41</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.47</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.52</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.59</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.65</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.69</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.75</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0,78</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.10</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.29</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.35</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.41</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.46</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.53</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.59</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.63</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.70</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.74</span></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.20</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.38</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.44</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.49</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.53</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.59</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.63</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.66</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.70</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0,73</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.31</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.37</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.42</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.46</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.53</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.58</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.61</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.66</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.70</span></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.10</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.27</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.32</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.37</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.41</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.48</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.53</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.57</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.62</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.66</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.50</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.20</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.37</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.41</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.45</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.52</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.57</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.60</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.65</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.69</span></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.28</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.33</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.38</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.41</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.47</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.51</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.54</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.59</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.62</span></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.10</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.24</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.29</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.34</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.37</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.43</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.48</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.51</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-style: none dotted solid none; border-top-color: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.56</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.59</span></td></tr>
<tr style="background: rgb(249, 249, 249); border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.00</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.19</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.23</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.27</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.30</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.35</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.39</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.42</span></td><td style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); border-right-style: dotted; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.46</span></td><td style="border-bottom-style: initial; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0.4em; width: 47px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">0.48</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">UTILIZACIÓN DEL FACTOR DE TABLA SHR </span></span><sub style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">habitación</span></span></sub><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> = 1.5</span></span></strong></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">código de reflectancia para el aula = 752</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">es decir, el 70% de reflectancia para techo, 50% para la pared y el 20% para el piso (Norma general para las paredes de color blanco / luz)</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI = 1,8 y el código de reflectancia = 752, factor de utilización (UF) = 0,66</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para Aula / Oficina Factor de mantenimiento = 0,8 (Estándar)</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Factor de mantenimiento" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4687 tie-appear" height="46" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Maintenance-Factor.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="171" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Donde N = Número de luminaria requiere para la zona determinada</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">E = Luminancia media por encima del plano de trabajo horizontal</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">A = Área del plano de trabajo horizontal</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">n = Número de lámparas en cada luminaria</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">F = lúmenes de diseño de iluminación por lámpara, lámpara pelada flujo luminoso inicial, es decir</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">UF = Factor de utilización para el plano de trabajo horizontal</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = Factor de mantenimiento</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">También puede leer: </span>Cargas de alumbrado conectado en estrella y triángulo</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips </span></u></em></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">verde Realizar Batten LED</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> de 40W</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 4000lm / 40w</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lámpara Color: Blanco neutral 4000K</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de reproducción cromática> 80</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Curso de la vida L70 *: 50.000 horas</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Philips LED verde Realizar Batten " class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4688 tie-appear" height="42" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Philips-Green-Perform-LED-Batten-.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="285" /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_conference_room" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación Cálculo de </span></span></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">la Sala</span></span></strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Área de la sección transversal de la Sala = 6 x 9 = 54 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requerida = 54 x 300 = 16200 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Diseño de iluminación para la sala de conferencias" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4690 tie-appear" height="46" sizes="(max-width: 385px) 100vw, 385px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Design-for-Conference-Room-calculations.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Design-for-Conference-Room-calculations.png 385w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-Design-for-Conference-Room-calculations-300x36.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="385" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI = 1,8 y el código de reflectancia = 752, factor de utilización (UF) = 0,66</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span></span><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips ultradelgado Ronda LED luz del panel de</span></span></u></em><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 22 W</span></span></strong></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 1760 lm / W 22</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Cálculo de iluminación de Philips ultradelgado Ronda LED luz del panel 22 W.png" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4691 tie-appear" height="46" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/lighting-Calculation-for-Philips-Ultraslim-Round-LED-Panel-Light-22-W.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="287" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_hall" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación Cálculo de Salón</span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El área transversal de hall = 31 x 3 = 93 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requiere = 93 × 215 = 19995 ~ 20000 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="diseño de iluminación para Hall.png" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4692 tie-appear" height="45" sizes="(max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/lighting-design-for-Hall.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/lighting-design-for-Hall.png 373w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/lighting-design-for-Hall-300x36.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="373" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI = 1,82 y el código de reflectancia = 753, factor de utilización (UF) = 0,66</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips </span></u></em></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MASTER TL5 High Efficiency ECO</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 35 W</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 3650 lm / W 35</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de rendimiento de color - 85</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Vida media: 25.000 horas</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para Philips MASTER TL5 High Efficiency ECO 35 W" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4693 tie-appear" height="41" sizes="(max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Philips-MASTER-TL5-High-Efficiency-ECO-35-W.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Philips-MASTER-TL5-High-Efficiency-ECO-35-W.png 302w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Philips-MASTER-TL5-High-Efficiency-ECO-35-W-300x41.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="302" /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_stair_case_wiring" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación de cálculo para </span></span></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">el caso de cableado de la escalera</span></span></strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Nota: leer más acerca de </span><a href="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/2012/11/stair-case-wiring-circuit-diagram-or.html" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: blue; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;" target="_blank">la instalación del cableado caja de la escalera.</a></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Área de sección transversal de la caja de la escalera = 6,4 × 2,7 = 17,28 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requiere = 17,28 × 215 = 3715 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación para el cálculo del diseño caja de la escalera" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4694 tie-appear" height="43" sizes="(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Stair-Case.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Stair-Case.png 403w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Stair-Case-300x32.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="403" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI = 1,26 y el código de reflectancia = 752, factor de utilización (UF) = 0,55</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips MASTER TL5 ECO DE ALTO RENDIMIENTO</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 35 W</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 3650 lm / W 35</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de rendimiento de color - 85</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Vida media: 24.000 horas</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para la conexión del cableado caja de la escalera" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4695 tie-appear" height="45" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Stair-Case-wiring-connection.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="279" /></div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_toilet_wc" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación Cálculo de </span></span></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Aseo WC</span></span></strong></span></span></h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Área de la sección transversal del WC WC 1 y 2 = 1,425 x 1,2 = 1,71 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requiere = 1,71 × 215 = 367 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para WC WC" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4696 tie-appear" height="52" sizes="(max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-WC.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-WC.png 430w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-WC-300x36.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="430" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI <0,75 Factor de utilización (UF) tabla no es aplicable</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips </span></u></em></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">TL miniatura</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 8 W</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 410 lm / W 8</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de rendimiento de color - 60</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Vida media: 10.000 horas</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para WC" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4697 tie-appear" height="50" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="243" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Área de la sección transversal del WC WC 3 y 4 = 1,5 x 1,8 = 2,7 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requiere = 2,7 × 215 = 580 lm</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para baño y WC" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4698 tie-appear" height="46" sizes="(max-width: 416px) 100vw, 416px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-and-bathroom.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-and-bathroom.png 416w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-and-bathroom-300x33.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="416" /><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI <0,75 Factor de utilización (UF) tabla no es aplicable</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips </span></u></em></strong><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MASTER TL5 ECO DE ALTO RENDIMIENTO</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 14 W</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 1350 lm / W 14</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Vida media: 40.000 horas</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación para el cálculo del diseño de retretes y lavabos" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4699 tie-appear" height="50" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-and-washroom.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="214" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Así que podemos utilizar un solo tubo LED en compartir tanto para los cuartos de baño.</span></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em; list-style: none; margin: 25px 0px 10px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<span id="lighting_design_calculation_for_toilet_washroom_area" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12pt; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Diseño de iluminación Cálculo de Aseo Aseo Área</strong></span></span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El área transversal de Aseo = 6 x 6,6 = 40 m </span><sup style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">2</span></span></sup><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> , h = 3m</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lúmenes requiere = 49,5 × 215 = 10642 lm</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Iluminación cálculos de diseño para el aseo, lavadero y baño" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-4700 tie-appear" height="47" sizes="(max-width: 395px) 100vw, 395px" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-washroom-bathroom.png" srcset="http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-washroom-bathroom.png 395w, http://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Lighting-design-calculation-for-Toilet-washroom-bathroom-300x36.png 300w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="395" /></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Para RI = 1,05 y el código de reflectancia = 752, factor de utilización (UF) = 0,49</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">MF = 0.8 (Estándar)</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Si utilizamos </span><strong style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><em style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><u style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Philips LED a prueba de agua del Pacífico Batten</span></u></em></strong><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"> 35 W</span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px 15px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Lumen / vatio: 4200 lm / W 35</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Índice de rendimiento de color - 85</span></li>
<li style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: disc outside none; margin: 0px 0px 5px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Vida media: 50.000 horas</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<img alt="Cálculo de iluminación" class="aligncenter wp-image-4701 size-full tie-appear" height="40" src="https://www.electricaltechnology.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Screenshot_14.png" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; height: auto; list-style: none; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; opacity: 1; outline: none; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out; vertical-align: middle;" width="281" /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 20px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Nota: Las luminarias deben ser colocados equidistancia entre sí para la distribución uniforme de la luz en la habitación. </span><span style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">El número real de las luminarias utilizadas en el aula será menor de lo que hemos calculado ya que el factor de utilización de las luces LED es mejor que lo que hemos dado en el cálculo, aunque los pasos serán los mismos.</span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0